Photovoltaic watering plant system with IoT

Leong, Lek Chung (2021) Photovoltaic watering plant system with IoT. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

In this era, agriculture is important to fulfill the food demand from people. Although the crops harvested are increasing from year to year but the price of crops selling in the market doesn’t seem to be able to maintain. Therefore, the maximization of crops yielding is still a big issue faced by the population in a country. There is still farmer out there who are using the conventional method to do their irrigation to the crops. Conventional irrigation needs a lot of human intervention to operate a water pump. The time taken for irrigation is being controlled in a personal way as the farmer cannot count exactly the water volume that has been given without using any instrument. The solution to improve this scenario is to apply the IoT idea to agriculture. Numerous type sensors which comprised of the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, soil moisture sensor, flux sensor and water flow sensor are being used to measure the living condition of crops. The sensors' data will then be processed and stored in the personal cloud. Solar power generation will be the further trend to reduce carbon emissions. Solar energy is easy to be captured by using solar modules and has a zero cost price during the energy generation process. Therefore, Solar equipment setup can be set as near as possible to their load or battery storage side. Meanwhile, solar energy sustainability is being to be considered as well due to the fluctuation of energy production amount. Furthermore, water resource is vital in agriculture field. Excessive water being driven into the soil can cause root stress. The root of plants being submerge in the high soil moisture for a long period can cause immediate degradation. Hence, a Fuzzy Logic controller is being implemented to control the water volume being given. The objective of the Fuzzy Logic controller is to replenish the water content losses during the evapotranspiration process. Throughout the experiment, the Fuzzy Logic controller helped in controlling the best suitable water volume and shown the result which approximate to actual evapotranspiration real data.

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