Preparation Of Calcium Phosphate Powder From Fish Bone Waste

Ismail, Muhammad Iswan Shah (2020) Preparation Of Calcium Phosphate Powder From Fish Bone Waste. Project Report. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia. (Submitted)

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Abstract

Calcium Phosphate (CaP) has been developed as biomaterial in many biomedical applications since decades ago. Fish bones can be used as a cheap source of biological CaP, which simultaneously offers added value for by-products and decreases unnecessary environmental impact. In this study, biological calcium phosphate was synthesized from fish bone waste from Pangasius fish which were collected from local area. Simple calcination process between 600°C and 1000°C was used to produce the CaP powder. X-ray diffraction study reveals that the dominant phase was hydroxyapatite (HA) in all calcined powders and were identical to standard HA pattern. The increasing of calcination temperature had led to the formation of minor phase of B-Tricalcium phosphate (B-TCP). Moreover, as the temperature was increased, the intensity of HA obtained was higher but there was a sudden drop after heating above 800°C. The peak becomes less narrower and broader as HA might transform into another phase; B-tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) phase. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals the HA powders have been produced by agglomeration of small particles into larger particles. This study reveals that the CaP can be produce by utilizing the waste from Pangasius fish with HA as the main phase of the calcined powders

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